ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish a headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of 14 chlorinated hydrocarbons in urine. METHODS: The urine sample 4.00 mL and anhydrous sodium sulfate 3.00 g were added into a 10.00 mL headspace bottle, then the headspace bottle was maintained at 70 ℃ for 40.0 min. After headspace pretreatment, 14 chlorinated hydrocarbons in headspace air were separated in the DB-5 MS capillary column of the gas chromatography and detected by mass spectrometer. RESULTS: There was a good linear relationship of 14 chlorinated hydrocarbons in urine in the range of 0.62-1 630.00 μg/L. The linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.999 0.The minimum detectable concentration was 0.19-0.43 μg/L and the minimum quantitative concentration was 0.62-1.44 μg/L. The average recovery rate was 89.8%-107.1%. The within-run relative standard deviation(RSD) was 4.0%-8.5% and the between-run RSD was 6.3%-9.1%. Urine samples can be stored at 4 ℃ or-8 ℃ for 3 days and below-20 ℃ for 7 days. CONCLUSION: This method is rapid, simple, sensitive, accurate and has little interference,which can be used as a method for detecting 14 kinds of chlorinated hydrocarbons in urine samples of patients with occupational poisoning.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analysis pathogenic conditions and pathogenic characteristics of organic fluorosis caused by applying of anti-fingerprint coating material on touch screen glass of the mobile phone.@*Methods@#To collect clinical data and analyze the causes and pathogenic characteristics of poisoning through surveying occupational health, detecting occupational hazards in the workplace, collecting clinical data and diagnosing of occupational diseases. 6 employees in workshop 1 of packaging were as the organic fluorine exdposed group, and 16 employees in other workshops were as the non-exposed group.@*Results@#Organic fluorine chemicals (perfluoro-1, 3-dimethylcyclohexane, hexadecafluoroheptane, perfluoro-hexane, perfluoromethy lopentane, perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene, etc.) can be volatilized by spraying and baking of anti-fingerprint nano-coating material on touch screen. The relative percentage of volatile components in air is 85.65%. Four cases of acute poisoning were caused by organic fluorosis deposited in a dustless air conditioning workshop with poor ventilation.The clinical manifestations of the patients were acute bronchitis, pulmonary edema and/or myocarditis. The average concentration of urine fluorine in the organic fluorine exposed group was 13.7± 4.4 mmol/mol creatinine, which was 4-5 times higher than that of other non-organic fluorine exposed groups. The difference of urine fluorine level between the organic fluorine exposed group and non exposed group was statistically significant (P<0.01) . The main indicators were abnormal for the blood oxygen saturation of finger pulse under suction air, leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, hypersensitivec-reactive protein, procalcitonin, l-lactate dehydrogenase, forebrain diuretic natriuretic peptide, hypersensitive troponin T in the four cases. One case was myocardial ischemia, four cases had bilateral lung symmetrically exudative lesions, one case was accompanied by a small amount of pleural pericardial effusion.@*Conclusion@#Acute organofluorine poisoning can caused by the applying of the fingerprint nano-coating material on touch screen of the mobile phone. Attention should be paid to occupational poisoning caused by the applying of the small molecular perfluoroalkanes (olefins) in new industries, new processes and new materials.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for detecting human urinary thiocyanate by gas chromatographic and pre-column derivatization with 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl bromide( PFB-Br). METHODS: A total of 20. 0 μL of urine was taken and 1. 0 m L of acetonitrile and 100. 0 μL of PFB-Br were added for derivative reaction. The gas chromatography was directly used for measurement. RESULTS: The urinary thiocyanate concentration showed a good linear range of 1. 000-10. 000 mg/L. The linear correlation coefficient was 0. 999 6. The minimum detection concentration was 0. 112 mg/L,and the minimum quantitative concentration was 0. 411 mg/L( 20. 0 μL urine sample). The standard recovery rate was 97. 22%-102. 04%.The within-run relative standard deviation( RSD) of this method was 1. 56%-5. 35%. The between-run RSD was 1. 46%-5. 10%. Hydrocyanic acid ions interfered with the measurement. Other common inorganic ions such as chloride,sulfate,and nitrate ions did not interfere with the measurement results. The samples can be stored at 4 ℃ for at least 15 days. CONCLUSION: This method is suitable for detecting human urinary thiocyanate.